Iphepha le-Kraft lenziwe ngenkqubo ye-vulcanization, eqinisekisa ukuba iphepha le-kraft lifaneleke ngokugqibeleleyo ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Ngenxa yemigangatho eyongeziweyo yokwaphula ukomelela, ukukrazula, kunye namandla okuqina, kunye nesidingo sokuncipha kokuqina kunye ne-porosity ephezulu kakhulu, elona phepha liphezulu le-kraft lineemfuno eziphezulu zombala, ukuthungwa, ukuhambelana, kunye nexabiso lobuhle.
Ukuhlangabezana nombala kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho wobuhle, ipulp kufuneka yenziwe ibleach ukuze kuqaqambe phakathi kwe-24% kunye ne-34% ngelixa igcina ixabiso lepulp elityheli nelibomvu ngokuthe gqolo, oko kukuthi, ukugcina ukomelela kwepulp emhlophe.
Inkqubo yokwenza iphepha le-Kraft
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwephepha lekraft ibandakanya ezi zigaba zilandelayo.
1. Ukuqulunqwa kweemathiriyeli ekrwada
Naluphi na uhlobo lwenkqubo yokwenza iphepha lufana, luhluke kuphela kumgangatho, ubukhulu, kunye nokongezwa kweempawu ezongezelelweyo. Iphepha le-Kraft lenziwe kwi-pulp yeplanga yefiber ende, kwaye inomgangatho ophezulu wepropathi. Inkqubo ivelisa umxube we-softwood kunye ne-hardwood pulp ehlangabezana nemigangatho yomgangatho wobugcisa we-premium kraft paper. Intlama yamaplanga abanzi yenza malunga nama-30% emveliso iyonke. Lo mlinganiselo wezinto eziluhlaza awunayo impembelelo kumandla omzimba wephepha, kodwa unempembelelo enkulu kwi-gloss kunye nezinye iindlela.
2. Ukupheka kunye nebleaching
I-pulp ye-Kraft kufuneka ibe ne-fiber bundles encinci kunye nombala ongaguqukiyo, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho ophezulu wokupheka kunye neenkqubo zokuthambisa. Kuyamkelwa ngokubanzi ukuba ukupheka kunye nokusebenza kwebleaching kuyahluka kakhulu phakathi kweesampuli zomthi. Ukuba umgca wepulp unokwahlula i-softwood kunye ne-hardwood pulping, i-softwood kunye ne-hardwood ukupheka kunye ne-bleaching kunokukhethwa. Eli nqanaba lisebenzisa ukupheka kwe-coniferous kunye ne-hardwood, kunye ne-bleaching edibeneyo emva kokupheka. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, iziphene ezisemgangathweni ezifana ne-fiber bundles engahambelaniyo, i-fiber bundles coarse, kunye nombala we-pulp ongazinzanga ziqhelekileyo.
3.Ukucinezela
Ukuphucula inkqubo ye-pulping linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokunyusa ukuqina kwephepha le-kraft. Ngokubanzi, ukwandisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-pulp ngelixa igcina i-porosity yayo elungileyo kunye nokuqina okuphantsi kuyafuneka ukuphucula ukuqina kwephepha, ukuxinana, kunye nokufana.
Iphepha le-Kraft linamandla amakhulu kunye neempazamo ezinokulinganiswa ekuphambukeni ngokuthe nkqo nakwicala. Ngenxa yoko, i-pulp efanelekileyo kumlinganiselo wobubanzi bephepha, ii-screen shakers, kunye ne-webformers zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula amabakala. Indlela yokucinezela esetyenziswayo ekwenzeni iphepha ichaphazela indlela elingena ngayo umoya, ukuqina nokuguda kwalo. Ukucinezela kunciphisa i-porosity yephepha, ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwayo kunye ne-vacuum ngelixa ukwandisa ukutywinwa; inokunyusa amandla omzimba wephepha.
Ezi ziindlela ezenziwe ngazo ikraft paper.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-30-2022